import java.io.*;

public class ReadFileExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Step 1: Declare InputStream variables
        InputStream inputStream = null;
		//FileInputStream fileStream = null;
        BufferedInputStream bufferedInput = null;

        try {
            // Step 2: Create FileInputStream to read from file
            inputStream = new FileInputStream("data.txt");
			//fileStream = new FileInputStream("data.txt");
 
            // Step 3: Wrap FileInputStream with BufferedInputStream
            bufferedInput = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);

            // Step 4: Read data byte by byte
            int byteData;
            while ((byteData = bufferedInput.read()) != -1) {
                // Convert byte to character and print
                System.out.print((char) byteData);
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error reading file: " + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            // Step 5: Close streams in reverse order of opening
            try {
                if (bufferedInput != null) bufferedInput.close();
                if (inputStream != null) inputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("Error closing streams: " + e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
}